The government of India has identified wildlife conservation as one of its key goals

India has a wide variety of flora and fauna and the government has identified conservation of wildlife as one of its key goals. None other than Prime Minister Narendra Modi has expressed his commitment on many global platforms about promoting environmental and wildlife conservation. He has now assigned a target of conservation and protection of big cat species. This is after achieving the target of doubling the number of tigers ahead of time. The target also includes 50 cheetahs during the next five years. Already, the exercise of inducting eight cheetahs from Namibia is over. It is the first inter-continental large carnivore translocation project. With their arrival, India has become the only country where all five members of the big ‘cat species’ are now present. On the subject, Prime Minister Narendra Modi said – “Decades ago, the age-old link of biodiversity that was broken and became extinct, today we have a chance to reconnect it. Today the cheetah has returned to the soil of India.” Incidentally, the last cheetah in India was found dead in Chhattisgarh in 1947 and was officially declared extinct in 1952. India goes all out to increase wildlife species.

The authorities expect cheetahs to help restore the open forest and grassland ecosystem in India and the program will help in the conservation of biodiversity. Society would reap benefits like improvement of ecosystem processes in the form of water security, carbon absorption and soil moisture conservation. It could also increase livelihood opportunities for the local communities. This could be through eco-development and eco-tourism activities. The arrival of cheetahs has made India the only country that is home to all five members of the ‘big cat’ species – tiger, lion, leopard, snow leopard and cheetah. The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 has notified animals like tigers, elephants, rhinoceros, lions, etc. as endangered species. They enjoy the highest degree of protection.

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A joint study carried out by scientists from India, Bangladesh and Belgium has found that the 10,000sqkm Sunderbans have lost only 120sqkm (1.2 per cent) land over the past 35 years and this is a negligible loss in relation of the observed annual sea-level rise of 6mm.
This has been reported in telegraphindia.com dated 4 March 2017.

The researchers are from the Indian Institute of Remote Sensing in Dehradun, Jagannath University in Dhaka and Vrije University in Brussels and they have based their conclusions on a study of satellite imagery study. It has detected significant loss in mangrove forest density but very loss of land.
The Sunderbans are rich in biodiversity and, as per the Zoological Society of London (ZSL), it is home to over 35 reptile species, 120 commercial fish species, 300 bird species and 32 mammal species, including the tiger. The reasons for reduction in the dense mangrove forest cover is more on the Indian side attributed to expansion of human settlements and agriculture on the Indian side. Simultaneously, on the Bangladesh side, it is due to shrimp farming.


Image courtesy wikimediacommons.org

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